Luther Seminary: Bible Study and Research: Exegesis

Resources for Rapid Reading and Translating

The Bible Project.Com
several free videos: short visual explanations that show how the Bible is a unified story that leads to Jesus.
Analytical Key to the Old Testament
The New Linguistic and Exegetical Key to the Greek New Testament
A Textual Guide to the Greek New Testament

Hebrew and Greek Testaments Online & Print:

Free online access to Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS)

Greek New Testament (print): Aland 2014, Reference room: BS1965

Reader's Greek New Testament (Goodrich, 2003) Available: BS1965 .

Biblical Word Study Tools

In addition to the Lexicons and Concordances (listed at right), the following resources allow one to dig deeper into the linguistic and historical context of select Hebrew and Greek words and phrases:

Guides to Exegesis/ Original Language Tools

Exegesis is an exacting, methodological analysis of a biblical passage done for the sake of interpretation. Here are several recent guides to exegetical method in our library:

Old Testament Exegesis: A Handbook for Students and Pastors (4th ed.)
Introductory. This latest edition has recommendations regarding using online tools as well.
Biblical Exegesis: A Beginner's Handbook (3rd ed.)
". . . probably the most recognized basic introduction to exegetical method of the Bible as a whole." --D. Bauer, _Essential Bible Study Tools for Ministry_
New Testament Exegesis: A Handbook for Students and Pastors (3rd ed.)
A step-by-step guide for beginners. Gives only passing attention to critical methods.

Hebrew Grammar tools (Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar; Hebrew Grammar by Lowe; Hebrew Syntax by Davidson; Accidence of Hebrew Grammar by Coffey): All free online from Open Access Digital Theological Library

Sefaria This link opens in a new window
Sefaria is home to 3,000 years of Jewish texts. We are a non-profit organization offering free access to texts, translations, and commentaries so that everyone can participate in the ongoing process of studying, interpreting, and creating Torah.

Standard Print and Online Lexicons

"Lexicon", in Scripture studies, designates a dictionary of Hebrew or Greek words found in the Bible.

Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (HALOT)
Has become the standard O.T. lexicon

Hebrew Lexicon: The New Brown, Driver, Briggs, Gesenius Hebrew & Aramaic Lexicon, 1979 ("BDB") : PJ4833 .G472
BDB (Brown-Driver-Briggs) Hebrew Lexicon--included in our Sefaria database

A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
"Probably the most reader-friendly and accessible of the more recent . . . lexicons." --D. Bauer, _Essential Bible Study Tools for Ministry_
Online Hebrew & Greek Lexicons of the Bible from OADTL
A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (BDAG)
Known by the abbreviation of its editors' names, it is the most comprehensive and authoritative for NT Greek.
Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament : Based on Semantic Domains
"Semantic domains" = words grouped according to shared meanings, e.g. "Elevated Land Formations."

Bible Hub- free online lexical and Bible study tools--Concordance linked to Strongs Bible concordance

Print Concordances

The Hebrew-English Concordance to the Old Testament
Arranged in the same manner as the Greek-English concordance below.

These specialized concordances assist the move from the NIV English to the Greek or Hebrew term that the English word translates.

The Greek-English Concordance to the New Testament
The Main Concordance lists the entries in Greek, but the occurrences of the term are shown in the NIV translation with surrounding context.

For English-users:

The NIV Exhaustive Concordance (Goodrick & Kohlenberger, 1990)--Reference room: BS425 .G67